With many years of experience in civil and industrial construction, along with a team of experienced engineers and architects, Hai Long Construction will advise you on the golden principles in the construction and design of standard factories and warehouses.
What are the golden principles in constructing standard factories and warehouses? Designing factories, designing warehouses, building factories, and building warehouses according to customer requirements with materials that save costs, have a long service life, and still ensure aesthetic and technical requirements such as thermal insulation and fire resistance is a difficult problem for investors today. What is the solution to this tricky problem? Are there any materials that meet these criteria?
Most companies or businesses involved in production, processing, or manufacturing must have standard factories and warehouses to produce products. Besides that, there are also companies that choose the solution of renting factories and warehouses. This depends on the scale and financial conditions of each business and each industry.
Process of constructing factories and warehouses
Receiving and storing materials during the construction of factories and warehouses:
Receiving and storing materials is a quite important step. Most suppliers provide full materials, but during the delivery process, there are discrepancies in the quantity and type of materials, with unreasonable surpluses or shortages. In the delivery note, many material suppliers write in English, which will cause obstacles in receiving materials. If this happens, you just need to look at the item code written on the bill of lading and the item code pasted on the surface of the material to receive and compare it with the total quantity according to the material purchase contract. Especially when receiving types of bolts and base plates, you must check carefully.
Installation of foundation bolts during the construction of factories and warehouses:
Proceeding to receive foundation bolts and installing them is always the first step in the process of installing pre-engineered steel buildings for factories and warehouses. The majority of companies participating in pre-engineered steel building installation services are small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, equipment for foundation bolt installation work is often lacking due to high initial investment costs.
Erection of the main frame during the construction of factories and warehouses:
Currently, some businesses participating in the erection of pre-engineered steel frame buildings have boldly invested from the beginning in theodolite equipment and laser projectors to serve the installation work.
With advanced technology ensuring very accurate standards for right angles, planes, and heights, theodolites and laser projectors are indispensable during the construction and installation of foundation bolts.
During the construction of factories and warehouses, this is the main installation part of the pre-engineered steel building; depending on the size of the factory or warehouse area, arrange cranes for construction. If the width of the factory or warehouse is 30m or more, cranes must be arranged reasonably for installation to avoid bending the rafters, which would reduce the life of the project later.
Installing the first column and rafter is the most important part during the construction of factories and warehouses, as it shapes the entire area for later. Depending on the construction site, the first column and rafter can be installed from the middle of the building and then deployed to the two gable ends, or deployed from the gable end of the building. Usually, it is recommended to deploy installation from one gable end and then move inward.
After installing the first column and rafter, you must brace them tightly to ensure the columns and rafters do not shift. This construction stage must be done very well and accurately to serve as a basis for continuing to deploy the next stage in the process of building factories and warehouses.
In the installation of columns and rafters for factory and warehouse bays, the work requires mandatory high-altitude construction. Therefore, workers working at heights need to be equipped with safety harnesses and must have lifelines installed at heights. Depending on the width of the factory or warehouse, lifelines are arranged. Usually, lifelines are installed connecting the two ends of the column and rafter according to the width of the factory or warehouse area; each end of the lifeline at the column and rafter point must be fastened tightly and 1m higher than the rafter surface.
Installation of roof sheets for factories and warehouses:
The installation of roof sheets is carried out after the main frame installation is completed and accurately adjusted, and the bolts and bracing bars have been tightened.
Like the main frame installation, the roof sheet installation also requires the first sheet to be done very carefully; it is the focal point for subsequent sheets. The next task is to mark each sheet; this ensures that after the project is covered, all overlapping points of the sheets always lie on a straight line and are perpendicular to the purlins. If this is not done, after finishing the roof sheet installation, it will be very difficult to adjust, the aesthetics will look very bad, and the technique will not be guaranteed, affecting the quality of the project.
For projects with additional thermal insulation cotton under the roof sheets, this must be implemented even more to ensure that the joints of the insulation cotton are straight, not stretched, and the underside of the insulation cotton is flat and even, without wrinkles.
Installation of partition systems for factories and warehouses:
The construction and installation of partitions for factories and warehouses should be carried out similarly to the installation of roof sheets. Partition construction is not as complicated as roof sheet installation because the partition span is usually not too long. A notable point when installing partitions is to coordinate with the construction side from the beginning to ensure the work between the pre-engineered steel building installation side and the construction side is synchronized.
This is the most notable point during the installation of wall cladding for pre-engineered steel buildings. You can refer to typical fireproof and heat-insulating partition materials here: Thai Smartboard factory partition.
Finishing: Finishing work is the final stage of the pre-engineered steel building erection process, requiring meticulousness and precision in every step of factory and warehouse construction.
At this stage, you must re-check all tightened bolts, gaps at the joints between cladding sheets, and gaps at ventilation louvers to ensure there are no leaks and the project is built to high quality.
Door installation is carried out during this stage. The technical requirements for door installation are very important; if not executed carefully, the doors may become misaligned after completion, making them difficult to open and close and prone to jumping off the guide rails.
Necessary and sufficient requirements during the construction of factories and warehouses:
Location and equipment during the design of factories and warehouses
Depending on the nature of the production technology and the associated risks, factories, warehouses, equipment, and facilities must be installed, designed, and constructed to ensure that:
- Contamination is minimized;
- The design and layout allow for easy maintenance, cleaning, and disinfection, and minimize airborne contamination;
- Surfaces and materials, especially those in contact with food, must be non-toxic for their intended use, durable where necessary, and easy to maintain and clean;
- Where appropriate, necessary facilities must be available to control temperature, humidity, and other factors; and
- Effective measures are in place to protect against pest entry and infestation.
Equipment must be adequate and arranged to:
- Allow for easy maintenance and cleaning;
- Operate according to its intended purpose and facilitate good hygiene practices, including monitoring.
Design and construction of factories, warehouses, and workspaces:
Where appropriate, the design and layout of a food processing facility must facilitate good food hygiene, while also considering protection against cross-contamination between different stages of food handling and processing.
The interior structure of food facilities must be carefully built with durable materials, and must be easy to maintain, clean, and disinfect when necessary. In particular, when constructing factories and warehouses, attention must be paid to the following specific conditions, where appropriate, to protect the safety and suitability of food:
- Wall surfaces, partitions, and floors must be carefully constructed with non-porous, non-toxic materials as per the design intent.
- Walls and partitions must have smooth surfaces suitable for operations.
- Floors must be constructed to allow for easy drainage and cleaning.
- Ceilings and overhead fixtures must be designed and constructed to minimize the accumulation of dust and condensation, as well as the potential for them to fall.
- Windows must be easy to clean, designed to minimize dust accumulation, and where necessary, equipped with removable and cleanable insect screens; windows must be fixed where required.
- Doors must have smooth, non-porous surfaces that are easy to clean and disinfect when necessary.
- Surfaces in direct contact with food must be high-quality, durable, easy to clean, maintain, and disinfect. They must be made of smooth, non-porous materials that are inert to food and to detergents and disinfectants under normal conditions.
Facilities and important factors for the construction of factories and warehouses:
Water supply during the design and construction of factories and warehouses:
A potable water supply system must be available at all times, along with appropriate facilities for storage, distribution, and temperature control to ensure food safety and suitability.
Potable water is water that meets the standards specified in the latest edition of the World Health Organization's “Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality” or higher. Non-potable water (e.g., water used for fire fighting, steam production, cooling, and other purposes that do not contaminate food) must be supplied through a separate system. Non-potable water systems must be kept separate, with no cross-connections or backflow into the potable water system.
Drainage and waste disposal during the design of factories and warehouses:
There must be a reasonable design and layout for drainage and waste disposal systems. They must be designed and constructed to avoid the risk of contaminating food or the potable water supply.
Personal hygiene facilities and sanitary areas for factories and warehouses:
Personal hygiene facilities are needed to maintain an appropriate level of personal hygiene to avoid food contamination. Where appropriate, these facilities must include:
- Facilities for washing and drying hands, such as sinks with hot and cold water supply (or water at a suitable temperature, with control devices).
- Hygienically designed restrooms,
- Separate and appropriate facilities and areas for staff to change clothes.
- The above facilities must be designed and arranged appropriately.
Temperature control in the construction of factories and warehouses:
Depending on the nature of food processing operations, appropriate facilities are required for heating, cooling, cooking, refrigerating, and freezing food, or for maintaining proper storage conditions for chilled or frozen food, to monitor food temperature and, when necessary, to control ambient temperature to ensure food safety and suitability.
Air quality and ventilation in the construction of factories and warehouses:
Design natural ventilation systems or use forced-air fans, specifically to:
- Minimize food contamination from the air, such as from air currents or condensation.
- Control the ambient temperature of the factory building and warehouse.
- Control odors that may affect the suitability of food.
- Control air humidity, if necessary, to ensure the safety and suitability of food.
- Ventilation systems must be designed and constructed so that air does not flow from contaminated areas to clean areas and; where necessary, such ventilation systems should also be designed for easy maintenance and cleaning.
Lighting is crucial in the design and construction of factory buildings and warehouses:
Sufficient natural or artificial light must be provided to perform operations clearly. When designing the lighting system, ensure that the light does not cause operators to perceive colors incorrectly.
The intensity of light must be appropriate for the nature of the operation. Light sources must be shielded to prevent breakage, ensuring that fragments cannot fall into food.
Storage design considerations in the construction of factory buildings and warehouses:
Where necessary, appropriate facilities must be provided for the storage of food, as well as for the storage of non-food materials and chemicals (such as cleaning agents, lubricants, and fuels).
Where appropriate, facilities used for food storage must be designed and constructed to:
- Facilitate easy maintenance and cleaning of the factory building and warehouse;
- Prevent pests from entering and nesting in the factory building and warehouse;
- Effectively protect food from contamination during storage, and
- When necessary, create an environment that minimizes food spoilage (e.g., by controlling temperature and air humidity).
The types of storage facilities provided will depend on the nature of the food. Where necessary, separate, secure facilities must be provided for storing cleaning materials and hazardous substances for the factory building and warehouse.
WHY CHOOSE HAI LONG CONSTRUCTION AS THE GENERAL CONTRACTOR FOR YOUR FACTORY BUILDING AND WAREHOUSE
With over 25 years of experience in the field of factory and warehouse construction, Hai Long Construction is proud to be a leading reputable unit, providing customers with comprehensive construction solutions that meet all needs and requirements.
- A team of experienced engineers, architects, and experts, knowledgeable in the design and construction of factory buildings and warehouses according to international standards.
- Diverse construction capabilities, meeting all project scales and requirements, from simple to complex factory buildings.
- Equipped with modern machinery and equipment, three steel structure factories with a capacity of nearly 50,000 tons/year ensure fast, accurate, and safe construction.
- Professional construction process, strictly managed.
Are you looking for a reputable and professional factory and warehouse construction contractor? Please contact Hai Long Construction for free consultation and quotation:
- HAI LONG CONSTRUCTION JSC – MEMBER OF TAIYO GROUP
- Address: Taiyo Building, 97 Bach Dang, Ha Ly Ward, Hong Bang District, Hai Phong City, Vietnam.
- Hotline: 084 6625 888
- Email: info@hailongjsc.vn
